Linux Bash

Basic Usage

> man cd : Print manual for « cd » command (exit with « q »).
> cd home : Go to directory « home ».
> cd ~ : Go to home directory.
> cd .. : Go to parent directory.
> cd - : Go to previous directory.
> pwd : Get working directory.
> ls : List files in current directory.
> tree -d : Print current directory tree.
> mkdir dir : Create directory « dir ».
> rm -rf obj : If obj is a file, remove file. If obj is a directory, remove directory and all subdirectories of « dir ».
> cp file newfile : Copy file in a new file named newfile.
> mv file newfile : Rename file in newfile.
> mv file : Delete file.
> touch file : Create empty file.
> cat file : print file.
> less file : print file.
> tail -f file : print file and refresh when modified.
> history : display last command used.
> chmod 777 file : give all rights for all users to the file (man chmod to use options).
> who : print who is logged on.
> which emacs : show the full path of commands.
> watch who : execute program periodically (2 seconds by default).
> echo $PATH | tr ':' '\n' : print env var PATH.

File Permission

UGO : for User Group Other
RWX : for Read (4), Write (2) and Execute (1)
Ex : 755 = all permissions for user, read and execute for all other.

Process and tasks

> top : display linux tasks.
> htop : display more readable linux tasks.

Searching

> find / -name fileName : Find in / dir the file named « fileName ».
> grep stringToFind /dir : Look for and list all files containing « stringToFind » in the dir « /dir ».

Terminal usage

  • ctrl + l : clear display.
  • ctrl + c : exit or cancel.
  • ctrl + r : command history.

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